Was Russia behind the Jaguar Land Rover cyber attack?

Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) was forced to shut down its IT systems and halt production for more than five weeks after a cyber attack last August, widely described as one of Britain’s costliest. Video footage released over the weekend shows former defence minister Al Carns saying it was “state-sponsored,” though he later added it was “highly unlikely” such an attack could happen at that scale without a host state’s awareness—without relying on official Ministry of Defence assessments. JLR employs about 34,000 people in Britain, and the shutdown is estimated to have affected more than 5,000 organisations. The government backed JLR with a £1.5 billion loan after estimated £1.9 billion in UK economic damage.